Arthur L. Frothingham
Handbook of War Facts and Peace Problems

APPENDICES

APPENDIX I

PRONUNCIATION OF SOME FOREIGN NAMES USED

The letters in parentheses are hardly sounded

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APPENDIX II

BOOKS FOR REFERENCE AND READING

Davis (Wm. S.)---The Roots of the War. (Century Co., 1918, 1.50.)---A clear survey of the historical and political origins of the war for the half-century previous to 1914. [Useful for Ch. I.]

Chéradame (A.)---The Pan-German Plot Unmasked. (Scribner, N. Y. City, 1918.)---The best account of the origin, growth and character of the German plan, by one of the few men who foresaw the war. [Useful for Chs. I, II.]

Archer (Wm.)---Gems of German Thought. (Doubleday, Page & Co., 1917, New York City.)

Out of their Own Mouths. (Appleton & Co., 1917-18, N. Y. City.) ---These are the two best collections of quotations from leading Germans of every class, from Kaiser to business men, poets and priests, showing their plans, their character and attitude toward the rest of the world. [For additions to materials in Chs. I-III.]

Collected Diplomatic Documents relating to the Outbreak of the European War. (G. H. Doran, N. Y. City.)---This contains the diplomatic "Books" of all colors, issued by the various powers who took part in the war to illustrate the way the war was brought on. [Useful for Ch. II.]

Willmore (J. S.)---The Great Crime and its Moral. (Hodder & Stoughton, 1917.)---An excellent summary, meaty and instructive, of the causes, origins, diplomatic documents of the war and of the German methods and atrocities. [Useful for Chs. I-III.]

N. Y. Times Current History.---The European War; volumes I-VIII, 1914-1918. It follows the war, month by month, in various ways, by editorials, quoted articles, historical and critical and anecdotic. It is regrettable that so unreasonably high a price should be asked for the set as to be almost prohibitive.

The World's Almanac and Encyclopedia. (Press Publishing Co., N. Y. City, 1919.)---Excellent repertory of current facts. Good chronology of events of the war. Collection of diplomatic, political and economic documents. [For Chs. I-VIII.]

Gauss (Chr.)---Why We Went to War. (Scribner, 1918, 1.50.)---Clear summary of the events leading up to the war, with documents, including study of German propaganda in America. [Ch. IV.]

War Cyclopedia. (U. S. Committee of Public Information).---A convenient alphabetic arrangement of facts and names prominent during the early part of the war.

War Relief Work. (Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, No. 168, 1918.)---An excellent review of the various agencies for war work, their system and activities. [For Chs. V, VI.]

Jones & Hollister.---The German Secret Service in America. (Small, Maynard & Co., Boston, 1919.)---A thorough narrative by a man who devoted himself for a whole year to this work. [Useful for Ch. IV.]

The Statesman's Year Book. (Macmillan's.) -A perfect mine of condensed and classified information regarding the geography, population, political, military and industrial organization, natural resources, occupations, social and religious facts, etc. of all nations. [Useful especially for Ch. VIII.]

Chéradame.---The Essentials of an Enduring Victory. (Scribner, 1918.)---A good discussion of the kind of peace that would ensure against a new attempt by Germany at world conquest.

Spargo (John).---Bolshevism. (Harper's 1918.)---Through study by a leading Socialist of the origins, history, theory, practice and results of Bolshevism. A splendid antidote. [Useful for Ch. X.]

APPENDIX III

ABSTRACT OF PEACE TREATY WITH AUSTRIA
[Prepared for this Handbook]

Whereas an Armistice. was granted to Austria-Hungary on November 3, 1918, by the Allied and Associated Powers, and since then the Austro-Hungarian Empire has ceased to exist, and whereas these powers have recognized the Czecho-Slovak State and the Serb-Croat-Slovene State, they now recognize Austria as a new State under the name of the Republic of Austria, with boundaries hereby specified. Austria renounces all rights over her former territories outside these boundaries, recognizes the independence of the Czecho-Slovak and Serb-Croat-Slovene States and their boundaries as established by field commissions of the Allied and Associated Powers.

Austria recognizes the independence of all parts of the former Russian Empire, and accepts the annulment of the Brest-Litovsk and other treaties and agreements later than November, 1917. The Allies reserve the right to demand restitution on behalf of Russia.

Austria agrees to the abrogation of the treaties concerning Belgium and Luxemburg and accepts all international arrangements to be made by the Allies in these cases and with Turkey and Bulgaria, as well as in regard to Slezvig-Holstein.

The institutions of the Austrian Republic must be liberal, must protect minorities, give equal civil and religious liberty to all nationalities and creeds, including free use of all national languages and the establishment of non-German schooling.

All rights and privileges outside Europe are renounced by Austria, as they were by Germany, in the cases of Egypt, Morocco, Siam and China.

The entire Austro-Hungarian navy shall be finally surrendered. Twenty-one specified auxiliary cruisers are to be disarmed and treated as merchantmen. Warships and submarines under construction shall be broken up and no new submarines built. All naval arms and other war material shall be surrendered. The air clauses are like those in the German treaty except that the 100 airplanes are not allowed. All aviation material must be surrendered or demolished within two months and none constructed. Austria shall have no military or naval air forces. She may not send any military, naval or aerial missions to foreign countries. The military clauses are reserved. The sections on reparations and the financial clauses are also reserved. The economic clauses are similar to those of the German treaty, as are also those regarding freedom of transit. Austria is given access to the Adriatic. Austria abandons all financial claims against the signatory powers. (The old Austro-Hungarian Empire had a population of over 51 million; the present Austria has a population of less than 7 million with an area of less than 6,000 square miles.)

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APPENDIX IV

Letter of Dr. A. E. Winship, Editor of Journal of Education,
in Boston Herald, Nov. 29, 1918.

. . . . Preparedness for Democracy.

The tragedy of 1917 was the unpreparedness for war. The civic tragedy of the near future is to be the unpreparedness for democracy. . . .

The schools achieved much, but they did it despite the crude support of the public. The schools were a melting pot without any treatment for preparedness for Americanization. . . .

Educational preparedness requires many war modifications. . . .

There must be the introduction of much entirely new material: The history of this war, its causes and horrors, the grit of Belgium, the heroism of France, the stability and nobility of England, the pluck of Italy, and the ultimate glory of America.

No American school must be allowed to put a muffler on (the study of) the causes of this war. . . .

Democracy was the "Ark of the Covenant" with Belgium, France, England, Italy, and America, and it has been sacredly preserved.

The schools must preserve the spirit and the truth of this war. The schools must distinguish between the treachery, butchery, and debauchery of war for autocratic ambition and the peerless sacrifices of life and treasure to protect, promote, and magnify democracy.

The United States of to-day will pass on to the children and the children's children $20,000,000,000 of debts for them to pay. They will pay it gladly if they know the truth. But they will groan and growl, if they are made to believe that it is merely the cost of war. . . .

The schools must be required to teach this war as the war for peace. It was the world-peace war. . . .

The National Security League is conducting a nation-wide campaign for diffusing knowledge with the great objective of fostering true Americanism based upon the fundamental elements essential to its development.

Americanization is truly a process of developing in the minds and lives of the new comers to our country the knowledge and appreciation of the advantages of citizenship, with the right to seek advancement, and the determination to be good citizens. But also, and just as truly, those of us who have always lived in this country need to be Americanized, if we do not appreciate the advantages we enjoy and know why we have them.

HENRY D. THOMPSON,
Educational Secretary.

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APPENDIX V

THE NATIONAL SECURITY LEAGUE
(19 WEST 44th STREET, NEW YORK CITY)

is a nonpolitical, nonpartisan league of American men women
who are working to promote patriotic education to spread American ideals.

Honorary President---ELIHU ROOT, New York.

[NOTE---Mr. Choate was Honorary President from the date of the organization of the League until his death, May 14, 1917.]

Honorary Vice-President---ALTON B. PARKER, New York.

President---CHARLES E. LYDECKER, New York.

Vice-Presidents---

S. STANWOOD MENKEN, New York.
GEORGE WHARTON PEPPER, Philadelphia.
WILLETT M. SPOONER, Milwaukee.
LUKE E. WRIGHT, Memphis.
MYRON T. HERRICK, Cleveland.

Educational Director---ROBERT McNUTT McELROY, New Jersey.
Secretary---CHARLES D. ORTH, New York.
Treasurer---ALEXANDER J. HEMPHILL, New York.
Director of Speakers' Squadrons---WILLIAM B. DWIGHT, New York
Executive Secretary---HENRY L. WEST, New York.
Assistant Secretary---EMERSON SMALLEY, New York.

COMMITTEE ON ORGANIZED EDUCATION.

ROBERT McNUTT McELROY, Educational Director, Chairman.
MISS ETTA V. LEIGHTON, Civic Secretary.
CHARLES E. LYDECKER, New York.
S. STANWOOD MENKEN, New York.
CALVIN W. RICE, American Society of Mechanical Engineers,
ARTHUR WOLFSON, High School of Commerce, New York.
GEORGE HAVEN PUTNAM, New York.
TALCOTT WILLIAMS, Columbia University.
THOMAS W. CHURCHILL, New York.
ALBERT BUSHNELL HART, Harvard University.
HENRY J. ALLEN, Governor of Kansas.
PHILANDER P. CLAXTON, Bureau of Education, Washington, D. C.
MRS. PHILIP NORTH MOORE, National Council of Women.
THOMAS F. MORAN, Purdue University.
CHARLES P. NEILL, Washington, D. C.
ACOB H. SCHIFF, New York.
HERMON C. BUMPUS, Tufts College.

The purpose of this Committee is to emphasize the necessity of a sound, well administered system of public education as the basis of democracy, and to bring about a closer union of all the educational forces of the country with reference to the fundamental problems of popular government.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION ADDRESS THE

EDUCATIONAL DIRECTOR, N. S. L.,
19 WEST 44TH STREET
NEW YORK CITY

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11,580 8, 20, 17 63,360, 5, 20, 18 80M 6, 15, 18 100M 4, 1, 19

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